Vaishnavi S. Salunkhe*, Namarata S. Ghorapade, Sneha K. Sankapal, Sayali R. Zanje
YASPM’S YTC Faculty of Pharmacy, Satara, Maharashtra, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: sayalirzanje@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Herbal face scrubs have gained popularity for their cost-effectiveness and capacity to promote skin health. To maintain healthy and beautiful skin, cleanse it regularly to remove dead cells, crusts, oil, sebum, and makeup. This study aims to develop a herbal face scrub with natural ingredients. Skin care products, such as sunscreen, anti-acne, anti-wrinkle, and skin protection, aim to improve skin look. This facial scrub contains herbs that offer antioxidant, antiseptic, antibacterial, skin whitening, and anti-inflammatory benefits. In this prepration we have used the main ingredient as marigold and rice flour and other natural ingredient such as aloe vera, tulsi, rose petals. Marigold has purifying properties which makes it perfect for skin care to remove impurities.
KEYWORDS: Marigold, Antioxidant, Anti-wrinkle.
The english word "cosmetic" comes from the Greek word "kosmtikos implies to have control, order, or talent in decorating. A continuous narrative of the evolution of beauty care products may be found throughout human history. In 3000 BC, men employed color to enchant and enhance1-2. By coloring his skin and embellishing his body for protection, the guy escaped attacks from the exact monsters he wished to hunt down, making any opponent human or animal dread him. Herbal cosmetics are in high demand due to their dual use as both cosmetics and medications. Skin care products have a vital role in boosting people's confidence.
Previously, women were regarded to be the primary consumers of skin care products. However, males are now as concerned with their appearance3. The concept of beauty and attractiveness has led to a boom in this industry. The active ingredients in herbal formulations are extracted from the biological source of the plant. Herbal preparations are thought to be more effective and to have fewer side effects than any synthetic chemical preparation, which is why demand for them is rising globally4.
As the largest organ in the human body, the skin integrates numerous organs, including the mucosal lining of the digestive, respiratory, and urinary-genital tracts, to form a compact internal structure that isolates the body from the outside world.
Skin is made of lipids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. Environmental, hormonal, and biological factors can all have an impact on skin.
The physiology of the skin is significant for numerous reasons, such as:
1. Protection: The skin shields the body from radiation, dangerous chemicals, and hazardous substances, as well as from thermal, chemical, and physical harm.
2. Sensation: Your skin functions as a sensory organ, enabling you to experience temperature and touch.
3. Temperature control: The skin aids in controlling body temperature.
4. Production of vitamin D: When exposed to sunshine, the skin creates vitamin D, which aids in controlling the body's levels of calcium and phosphorus.
5. Water storage: The skin holds onto water, particularly in the layer called the hypodermis. Immune response: To identify pathogens, the skin functions as an immune organ.
Fig 1:- Skin
Generally described in the form of three major layers- Epidermis layer, Dermis layer and Hypodermis layer.
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and protects the body from the environment. The thickness of the epidermis varies in different types of skin; it is only 05 mm thick on the eyelids, and is 1.5 mm thick on the palms and the soles of the feet. The epidermis layer itself is made up of five sublayers that work together to continually rebuild the surface of the skin. 5
Fig 2: Skin
Dermis: The dermis is located beneath the epidermis and is the thickest of the three layers of the skin (1.5 to 4 mm thick), making up approximately 90 percent of the thickness of the skin. The main functions of the dermis are to regulate temperature and to supply the epidermis with nutrient -saturated blood. This layer contains most of the skins' specialized cells and structures.
Hypodermis: The hypodermis is the bottom layer of skin. Also known as subcutaneous layer, the hypodermis insulates and protects the body, stores energy (in the form of fat), helps to regulate body temperature, and connects the skin to muscles and bones. 6,7,8
Scrub: Scrubs are a mechanical exfoliant, meaning they physically remove dead skin cells from the outer layer of your skin with abrasive ingredients, like sugar or salt. This stimulates skin cell turnover, resulting in smoother, brighter skin and possibly preventing future acne breakouts. They allow the skin to absorb skin moisture.
Facial Scrub There are several types of facial scrub cosmetics, and each has a specific function for the skin. A variety of factors can cause skin to seem lifeless and dull, but scrubs are an efficient way to combat these issues 4. There are two kinds of scrubs that are applied on the skin: body and facial scrubs. The only difference between these two is the proportions of sugar and oil added to each. Because face scrubs use a lot of oil, they are less abrasive. It exfoliates the skin and eliminates dead skin cells. Scrub can be used on any type of skin. Skin is classified into three type such as dry skin, oily skin, and sensitive skin 7. On regular use of scrubs, skin becomes glowing and smoother because dead skin cells are removing thereby exposing new skin cells. Mild abrasive agent is one of the key ingredients in facial scrub formulation 8. Scrubbing purifies the skin by eliminating dead cells and enhances skin quality, encouraging a smooth, soft, radiant skin tone. It also has the potential to assist.in eliminating dark spots, acne marks, and avoidance of hair becoming trapped beneath the skin. In conclusion, Beauty products have a deep past connected to the human longing for beautification and skincare. From old traditions to modern cosmetic formulations still have an important role essential part of maintaining personal appearance and health.
Benefits of Skin Cleansing:
1. It provides people with clear skin that is free from dirt, oil, sweet and other impurities. Exfoliation is an effective way to remove all the dust that has accumulated in the pores of the skin.
2. Additionally, exfoliation helps to remove dark spots on the skin, especially on knees, elbows, and joints.
3. Promotes clearer skin. Flakes, dead cells, blemishes, and built-up impurities disappear.
4. The scrub has natural skin whitening ingredient; the effect is even better.
5. Improves the Texture of Your Skin: Scrubbing your skin gives you clean and smooth skin with an improved texture.
6. For smooth skin: Smooth skin is your better key. Scrub is not just looking on your skin. It is completely smooth, but gives nutrition softly 10.
Advantages:
1. Rejuvenation (the act of restoring a more youthful state) of the skin.
2. Removes dead skin. Gives skin radiance. Removes scars
3. Exfoliation improves the quality and tone of the skin by helping to remove dead skin cells.
4. Healthy and glowing skin, minimizes spores, reduces breakouts and acne, hides wrinkles.
5. Abrasive cleansing scrubs are used for mechanical exfoliation.
Disadvantage:
1. If you have a sensitive skin, one can also have allergic reactions to the chemicals present in the synthetic scrubs as well.
2. Over scrubbing can result in open pores which are exposed to pollution and UV rays at the same time.
3. It also leaves your skin more prone to infections and tanning.
Some Additional Tips For Using A Scrub:
1. Use a gentle physical exfoliant with soft, small particles. Avoid scrubs with large particles, like apricot and walnut.
2. Exfoliating in the morning is ideal because your skin repairs itself at night and can leave a layer of dead skin cell.
3. Body scrub can temporarily disrupt your skin protective barrier, so it is important to use a moisturizer right after.
Rinse your skin in warm water. Put a small amount of scrub in your hand. Gently rub it on your skin in small circular motions, using your hand or an exfoliating glove. Scrub your skin gently for no longer than 30 seconds. Rinse your skin liberally with lukewarm water.
Fig 3. How to use scrub
Synonym: Tagetes patula
Biological source: The biological source of marigold is flower and aerial part of the plant Tagetes erecta.
Family: Asteraceae
Description:
Colour: In nature, the flowers are gold, orange, yellow, white, and often in shades of burgundy.
Chemical constituents: - The active ingredient present in marigold plant includes beta carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, neoxanthin, phytoene, phytofluene, violaxanthin, limonene and alpha cryptoxanthin. 11
1. Marigold has purifying properties that make it special making it perfect for skin care.
2. These properties help remove impurities, detoxify the skin and leave it clean and feeling clear.
3. Its cleansing qualities, organic marigold is ideal for skin care. These qualities aid in the detoxification and removal of pollutants, leaving the skin feeling fresh and clean.
4. The linoleic acid found in marigold plants is naturally anti-inflammatory and beneficial for sensitive skin. Additionally, give skin moisture and firmness 12.
1.
Fig 4: Marigold
Rice Flour
Biological Source: The biological source of rice is the grass plant Oryza sativa.
Family: Gramineae (Poaceae)
Chemical Constituent: Carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, and fatty acids.
1. Skin brightening:
2. Rice flour contains ferulic acid, an antioxidant that can help brighten the complexion and protect the skin from sun damage.
Skin Exfoliation:
The fine texture of rice flour can gently exfoliate the skin, which can help reduce the appearance of dark spots and hyperpigmentation.
Rice flour can help tone the skin and improve its texture when used with other ingredients like milk, honey, or turmeric. 15-16
Fig 5: Rice flour
Alo- vera
Synonym: Aloe vera, Kumari
Biological source: Dried latex juice from Aloe barbadensis.
Family: Liliaceae
Colour- clear to slightly yellow / translucent gold
Odour-similar like rotten garlic or onion.
Taste- Bitter Chemical constituents - aloe emodin.
Chemical Constituents: Vitamins, minerals, sugar.
1. Aloe vera can hydrate and soften skin without clogging pores.
2. Alo vera may help prevent wrinkles.
3. Alo vera can be reduce redness, inflammation, and acne.
4. Alo vera gel can be used to treat minor cuts and burn, acne, psoriasis, sunburn, and radiation -induced skin toxicity.
5. It can also help with lichen planus, a rash that can appear on the skin or in the mouth.13
Fig 6: Alo vera
Tulsi Leaves
Synonym: Tulsi, Ocimum sanctum, Holy Basil.
Biological source: It consists of dried leaves of Ocimum sanctum L.
Family: Lamiaceae.
Odour-aromatic
Taste - Pungent chief
Chemical Constituents: The major bioactive compounds present in the leaves and stems of Tulsi include flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, rosmarinic acid, apigenin, isothymusin, isothymonin, cirsimaritin, orientin, and vicenin. Anthocyanins are present in the green leaves.
1. Prevents acne and pimples.
2. Improve skin texture, Cleanser.
3. Acne is caused when hair follicles in the skin become blocked and get infected with bacteria. For people with acne-prone skin, using antibacterial ingredients like tulsi may help prevent breakouts.
Fig 7: Tulasi
Preparation of plant material:
Marigold Petal Powder: Firstly, we collect the Marigold petal. Dried into sunlight. Dried petal was taken into the morter and pestle and traturate.
Preparation of Tulasi Extraction: To start, we gathered tulsi from the neighborhood store. After that, they were sun-dried. Dissolve in water after that. After that, wrap it tightly in aluminum foil and store it for three to four days. Following that, it will be boiled to 80 degrees in a water bath until the extract is extracted. Finally, use filter paper to filter the extract.10
Fig 8. Procedure of extraction
Rose Petal Powder:
1. Firstly, we collect the rose petal.
2. Dried into sunlight.
3. Dried petal was taken into the morter and pestle and traturate.
Table No. 1: Ingredients of Herbal Face Scrub
|
Name of ingredients |
Category |
|
Marigold petal powder |
Cooling tendencies, skin healing, exfoliant |
|
Rice flour |
Improve skin tone, |
|
Tulasi powder |
Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial |
|
Alo vera |
Soothe sunbun |
|
Rose petal powder |
Antioxident, fragrance |
|
Carbopol 940 |
Gelling Agent |
|
Methyl paraben |
Preservative |
|
Triethanolamine |
Neutralizer |
|
Propylene Glycol |
Moisturizer |
Formulation of Scrub
Procedure:
1. First, accurately measure all the ingredients.
2. Next, weigh the methyl paraben and dissolve it in a beaker with water.
3. Add the carbopol and stir continuously until a gel is formed.
4. Weigh the sodium lauryl sulfate and dissolve it separately in water.
5. Incorporate it into the gel, followed by the addition of propylene glycol.
6. Mix all the ingredients into the gel thoroughly.
7. Then, take a pestle and mortar and first add the rice flour
8. Following that, add the Tulasi powder and Rose petal powder and triturate the mixture.
9. Introduce the gel into the pestle and mortar.
10. Finally, grind and combine all the ingredients well.
11. The product is then prepared and transferred to an airtight container.14
Evaluation Parameter:
1. Colour: The color is found to be brownish orange
2. Odour: Odour found to be characteristics.
3. State: Semisolid state and homogenesity with visual observation
4. Consistency: Consistency was found to be smooth with visual observation.
5. pH: pH of the prepared scrub was evaluated. Small amount of the gel was applied on the pH paper and found tobe 7. It is a neutral in nature.
Fig 9: pH scale
6. Spreadability: The behavior of the gel that emerges from the tube is greatly influenced by its spreadability. It is employed to determine how widely the gel can be applied to the skin. A glass slide with a small amount of sample on it was set above another slide, which also had a 100 g weight on it. After noting and measuring the time it took for the gel to spread on the slide, it was discovered that it took 4 cm in 60 seconds. The following was used to calculate i
S= ml/t
Where; S: Spreadability, M: Weight placed on slide, L: Length of glass slide, T: Time taken in second
7. Extrudability: Small amount of gel was taken into a collapsible ointment tube. One end close and the other end keep opened. Slight pressure was applied on the enclosed side. The time taken to extrude and theamount of the gel extruded was noted.
8. Irritability: A small amount of the gel was applied on the skin and kept for few minutes and found to be nonirritated.
9. Washability: A litile quality of gel was applied over the skin and was wash with water and was easily washable.
10. Grittiness: Gel has found to have a few gritty particles.
The goal of creating a herbal face scrub was accomplished with success. Without generating edema or skin irritation, the composition demonstrated good properties on our skin. The goal of the current study was to create a gel-like herbal scrub utilizing an appropriate basis. A comparison of the prepared scrub’s color, odor, pH, spreadability, irritability, washability, grittiness, and foamability revealed that it met all necessary characterisation requirements. In order to maintain healthy and radiant skin, the formulated product can be used as an efficient scrub. All-natural ingredients were employed in this to minimize or eliminate any negative effects. The formulated herbal facial scrub is a natural and effective way to promote skin health and beauty. The combination of marigold, rice flour, aloe vera, tulsi leaves, and rose petals provides antioxidant, antiseptic, antibacterial, skin brightening, and anti-inflammatory effects. The scrub is expected to improve skin texture, reduce acne and pimples, and provide moisturizing and soothing effects. This herbal facial scrub is a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic scrubs, making it a great option for those looking for a natural and sustainable skincare solution.
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Received on 22.02.2025 Revised on 14.05.2025 Accepted on 08.07.2025 Published on 18.04.2026 Available online from April 25, 2026 Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2026; 17(1):83-88. DOI: 10.52711/2321-5844.2026.00014 ©A and V Publications All right reserved
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